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This paper shares an insider's perspective on the spread of Thinking and Working Politically (TWP) across the US Agency for International Development (USAID), highlighting lessons learned along the way that are relevant even beyond the dissolution of the Agency in 2025.

Despite an emerging body of scholarship on applying generative AI (GenAI) to qualitative data analysis, this area remains underdeveloped. This article evaluates how GenAI can support thematic analysis using a publicly available interview dataset from Lumivero. It introduces Guided AI Thematic Analysis (GAITA), an adaptation of King et al.’s (2018) Template Analysis. This framework positions researchers as a reflexive instrument and intellectual leader while thoroughly guiding GPT-4 in four...

The CGIAR 2030 Research and Innovation Strategy commits organizational change with seven ways of working, including “Making the digital revolution central to our way of working”. In that context, Artificial Intelligence (AI), introduces both opportunities and risks to evaluation practice. Guided by the CGIAR-wide Evaluation Framework, integrating AI tools requires a governance approach to balance innovation with ethical responsibility, ensuring transparency, fairness, accountability, and...

One of the main questions evaluators have when using AI is: "How can I know if it performs well?" To answer this question, we have developed a guidance note aimed at capturing what we have learned so far about integrating AI into evaluation and to offer a framework for further exploration. Since we began our experiments with Large Language Models (LLMs) in the Spring of 2023, we have made significant progress in using Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) for processing and analyzing...

This article presents an artificial intelligence-assisted causal mapping pipeline for gathering and analysing stakeholder perspectives at scale. Evidence relevant to constructing a programme theory, as well as evidence for the causal influences flowing through it, are both collected at the same time, without the evaluator needing to possess a prior theory. The method uses an artificial intelligence interviewer to conduct interviews, automated coding to identify causal claims in the...

Generative AI (GenAI) is evolving rapidly, and its use in violence against women research remains new and largely experimental. While researchers are beginning to explore GenAI’s potential, uncertainty around its risks, ethical challenges, and real-world application persists. Recognising the need for clear guidance, the Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI) partnered with The MERL Tech Initiative (MTI) to develop this resource. This guide aims to provide background on GenAI, strengthen...

The post outlines the background and development of a new approach to assessing value for money (VfM) in public policies and social programs. King identifies a key problem: while there's increasing pressure to demonstrate VfM in public programs, traditional assessment methods are incomplete, with economics and evaluation operating as separate rather than integrated disciplines. Key points about the research development: 1. King developed a conceptual model for VfM evaluation, published in...

This paper describes, synthesises and analyses the work of 25 Action Research Groups that were the heartbeat of the CLARISSA Systemic Action Research programme. The CLARISSA programme worked to create participatory and systemic solutions to the worst forms of child labour in the adult entertainment sector in Nepal, and the leather sector in Bangladesh. The paper explores how the action research groups were set up, and how they worked through key stages of trust and relationship building,...

This article provides a comprehensive overview of rubric development in evaluation practice, focusing on stakeholder engagement and practical implementation. King explains that rubrics are essential tools for implementing evaluative reasoning, serving as frameworks that combine evidence, criteria, and standards to make transparent value judgments. The piece emphasizes that effective rubric development is inherently participatory, requiring meaningful stakeholder engagement for both ethical...

This five-step framework, developed and tested by a foundation, embeds learning in emergent systems change strategies. It prioritizes the testing of hypotheses and assumptions, uses learning questions, and calls for examining both confirming and disconfirming evidence. --- A framework for embedding learning in systems change strategies and for testing strategic uncertainties. Learning and evaluation approaches that accompany systems change efforts need to fit with and support the emergent...

The Reduced Access Analytical Methods (RAAM) toolkit is a practical resource designed to help humanitarian practitioners overcome monitoring challenges in reduced access environments. Reduced access can be caused by natural disaster, conflict, political instability, or other factors, and typically makes it difficult to conduct normal monitoring of program implementation. The RAAM toolkit offers technical and managerial tools for a menu of analytical methods that can fill information gaps...

Over the course of this paper we lay out the basis of the Carve-Out method, an approach that leverages a behavioural framework to allow organisations (even those burdened with layers of bureaucracy and entrenched ideas) to create intentionally designed environments that give people the space, resources and support they need to explore and test new ideas. Ideas that may go on to transform the core of their organisation. The Carve-Out method is based on a simple insight: That if we want to...

The guide begins with a section on what we at TAF have learned about practicing Strategy Testing, highlighting things that we didn’t know when we started out. Some of these lessons may seem obvious, but others may strike you as less so. In any case, we believe that, when taken together, they provide a useful reminder of some of the pitfalls that arise in efforts to practice Adaptive Management. Moreover, they help to remind us that there are multiple layers to doing Strategy Testing...

Exploring two systems change mental models in philanthropy [ https://evaluationinnovation.org/publication/systems-mental-models/ ] it is an increasingly shared truth: If we want to tackle society’s worst problems, we must bring a systems lens to our social change efforts. We define “systems change” here as the practice of confronting the causes of social problems rather than treating their symptoms. Many in philanthropy are taking this stance, and are shaping their portfolios, strategies,...

Child Labour: Action-Research-Innovation in South and South-Eastern Asia (CLARISSA) is an evidence and innovation-generation programme funded by the United Kingdom’s Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), responding to the challenge of the worst forms of child labour (WFCL) in Bangladesh and Nepal. It is a challenge characterised by a poor understanding of its drivers and a lack of evidence on what works to combat it. To handle such fundamental uncertainty, the programme adopts a...

Building on interviews with colleagues in development organizations, donor & partner governments and foundations, this article explores the adoption of system and portfolio-based approaches in the development sector focusing on organizational motivations and challenges, changes in the network of the development sector actors, and types of collaborative experiments initiated around the novel approach. The aim is to take steps towards understanding how this type of approach for system change...

Florencia Guerzovich and Alix Wadeson

When social accountability interventions scale up and their sustainability depends on the interactions of many agents and system components, related results are rarely observable at the end of an intervention. The 2019 OECD Development Assistance Committee’s (OECD DAC) revamped evaluations criteria for assessing sustainability acknowledges that such results are often emergent, and should be monitored and evaluated with this in mind. It therefore emphasizes a turn towards assessing complex...