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Modern Slavery Prevention and Responses in South Asia: An Evidence Map
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Authors/contributors
- Oosterhoff, Pauline (Author)
- Yunus, Raudah (Author)
- Jensen, Charity (Author)
- Somerwell, Francis (Author)
- Pocock, Nicola (Author)
Title
Modern Slavery Prevention and Responses in South Asia: An Evidence Map
Abstract
The Asia Pacific region has the highest numbers of both slavery and child labour victims in
the world. The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates that 16.5 million and 8.4
million persons were in situations of forced labour and forced marriage respectively in Asia
Pacific, among 40.3 million in modern slavery globally (ILO & Walk Free Foundation 2017).
Although there is a growing body of research and evaluations on specific sub-sectors and
interest in the worst forms of labour exploitation, there has not yet been a systematic scoping
or synthesis of studies that would help policymakers understand ‘what works’ to reduce the
prevalence of “Modern Slavery”2(MS) in the countries of interest to DFID (India, Nepal,
Bangladesh, Pakistan). India alone is estimated to have the largest number of people in
modern slavery in the world with nearly 8 million persons living in modern slavery, followed
by 3.2 million, 592,000 and 171,000 in Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal respectively (Walk
Free Foundation 2018).
While systematic reviews on interventions to reduce prevalence of trafficking, forced or
bonded labour or slavery exist, these have not focused on the target countries of interest to
DFID. Previous systematic reviews have focussed on particular types of MS, such as cross
border sexual exploitation globally (van der Laan et al. 2011), labour exploitation in Europe
(Cockbain et al. 2018) or community based interventions for safer migration programming in
low and middle income countries (LMICs) (Zimmerman et al. 2016). Several systematic
reviews focus specifically on health needs and post-trafficking care or interventions (Ottisova
et al. 2016; Muraya & Fry 2016; Hemmings et al. 2016; Dell et al. 2017), and research
methods and tools used in trafficking in persons (TIP) and health research (Cannon et al.
2018; Doherty et al. 2016). A recent global review and evidence map of MS interventions
found some interventions in the target countries, but the outcomes were not specified
(Bryant & Joudo 2018).
In this Evidence Map, we address this gap in evidence for India, Nepal, Bangladesh and
Pakistan specifically, scoping the range of Modern Slavery interventions and outcomes for
specific target populations (survivors, employers, landlords, services providers, criminal
justice officials) and at different levels (individual, community, state).
This map is foremost targeted to DFID and its partners in India, Nepal, Bangladesh and
Pakistan to inform evidence-based policy making. We hope that it is also useful to academics
and practitioners working to address modern slavery, or in intervention areas or locations
described.
Place
London
Institution
DFID
Date
2018.12
Accessed
26/10/2023, 09:07
Citation
Oosterhoff, P., Yunus, R., Jensen, C., Somerwell, F., & Pocock, N. (2018). Modern Slavery Prevention and Responses in South Asia: An Evidence Map. DFID. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5c0e42f7ed915d0c736a1e2e/MS_Evidence_Map_Report__final_.pdf
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